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以切削动力学模型为基础,融合工件质量信息和设备运行状态信息,提出一种数字化加工过程理论模型。建立机床结构动态特性与工件尺寸误差、表面形貌等质量特征信息之间的映射关系。在数字化加工过程正向建模的基础上,从反向检验的角度给出加工过程状态监测与故障诊断系统的实现流程和分析关键技术的实现途径。将提出的模型和方法应用于某型3轴数控立铣床加工过程状态监测诊断中,通过获取加工过程中铣床主轴的加速度振动信号及利用第2代小波分析方法对振动信号进行处理,提取故障特征,诊断出了主轴轴承外圈损伤故障,从而为数字化加工过程的误差溯源提供依据。
Based on the cutting dynamics model, this paper proposed a theoretical model of digital machining process based on the information of workpiece quality and the operation status of the equipment. Establish the mapping relationship between the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool structure and the dimensional characteristics of the workpiece size error, surface morphology and other information. Based on the forward modeling of the digitized machining process, the realization process of the process monitoring and fault diagnosis system and the realization of key technologies are given from the perspective of reverse inspection. The proposed model and method are applied to the condition monitoring and diagnosis of the machining process of a 3-axis NC milling machine. The vibration signals of the milling spindle can be obtained through the processing of the milling spindle and the vibration signals can be processed by the 2nd generation wavelet analysis to extract fault features , Diagnosed the spindle bearing outer ring damage fault, so as to provide a basis for the error of digital machining process.