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目的:观察上行性或下行性胫骨内侧开放楔形截骨术对髌骨高度的影响。方法:回顾性分析2011年5月至2018年12月收治的77例胫骨内侧开放楔形截骨术治疗膝内翻畸形并内侧间室骨关节炎患者资料，男36例，女41例；年龄（59.4±10.5）岁（范围45~70岁）；上行性截骨51例，下行性截骨26例。测量手术前后双下肢负重位全长X线片的下肢力线参数，膝内翻畸形矫正角度，并采用Insall-Salvati index（ISI）、Caton-Deschamps index（CDI）及Blackburne-Peel Index（BPI）3种方法动态测量髌骨高度变化，并对上行性组和下行性组进行对比。结果:77例均获得随访，随访时间20.6个月（范围12~60个月）。51例上行性截骨内翻矫正度数为10.43°±2.67°；26例下行性截骨内翻矫正度数为11.16°±2.80°。术后6个月CDI法测量上行性截骨髌骨高度下降约8.1%，采用ISI法测量有2例髌骨降低明显（髌骨高度降低10%即为髌骨降低明显），CDI、BPI法测量有7例髌骨降低明显；下行性截骨髌骨高度下降约4.5%（CDI法），采用ISI、CDI、BPI三种测量方法均无髌骨明显降低；上行性组与下行性组比较的差异有统计学意义（n t=2.101，n P=0.040）。内翻矫正10°及以下的上行性截骨22例，髌骨高度下降6.9%（CDI法），ISI法测量无髌骨明显降低，CDI、BPI法测量有1例髌骨降低明显；内翻矫正10°以上的上行性截骨例数29例，髌骨高度下降10.4%（CDI法），ISI法测量有2例髌骨降低明显，CDI、BPI法测量有6例髌骨降低明显；上行性组与下行性组比较的差异有统计学意义（n t=2.310，n P=0.028）。n 结论:上行性胫骨内侧开放楔形截骨术后髌骨降低程度与内翻矫正度数为正相关；下行性胫骨内侧开放楔形截骨术对髌骨高度无明显影响。“,”Objective:In order to compare the effect of ascending medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy and descending medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy on patellar height.Methods:Our group analyzed 77 patients of medical cases which were closely associated with medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy for the treatment of knee varus deformity and medial compartment osteoarthritis from May 2011 to December 2018 and 77 cases were effectively followed up, including 36 males and 41 females with an average age of 59.4±10.5. By the way, there are 51 cases of ascending osteotomy and 26 cases of descending osteotomy. During these treatment, we adopted some scientific methods full-length standing anteroposterior radiograph,Miniaci method, Insall-Salvati index (ISI), Caton-Deschamps index (CDI) and Blackburne-Peel Index (BPI) to measure the corresponding parameters and changes in patellar height (PH) at different stages.Results:77 patients were enrolled, the mean follow-up time was 20.6 months (range, 12-60 months), ascending and descending high tibial osteotomy (HTO) show the average degree of varus correction (10.43°±2.67° and 11.16°± 2.80°) respectively. And at the same time, in these cases of ascending HTO, PH decreased by 8.1% (CDI method), 2 cases of low PH (the patellar height decreased by 10%, which is the low patellar) were measured (ISI method), 7 cases of low PH occurred (CDI and BPI). Instead, PH decreased by 4.5% (CDI method) in descending HTO,the difference was significant (n t=2.101, n P=0.040). 22 cases of ascending HTO with varus correction less than 10 degrees, the PH decreased by 6.9%. By the way, the ISI method did not detect the occurrence of low PH, but we found one by CDI and BPI. The 29 cases with varus correction of more than 10 degrees in ascending HTO, and PH decreased by 10.4%. There were 2 low PH (ISI method), and 6 low PH (CDI and BPI), the difference was significant (n t=2.310, n P=0.028).n Conclusion:In ascending HTO, the low PH is closely related to the degree of varus correction. Conversely, The descending HTO did not influence PH.