论文部分内容阅读
目的调查步兵摩托化进驻4 300 m高原1周至半年习服状况,分析影响习服的主要因素。方法整群抽取从海拔1 400 m驻地摩托化进驻4 300 m地区1周[109人,(19.71±1.46)岁]、1个月[122人,(19.63±1.29)岁]和半年[127人,(20.45±1.60)岁]的步兵为研究对象,以平原士兵为对照[358人,(19.66±1.55)岁]。测量脉搏(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、最大摄氧量(VO2m ax)、血红蛋白(Hb),进行急性高原病症状评分,依据国家军用标准G JB4301-2002进行高原习服状况评价。结果从海拔1 400 m摩托化进驻4 300 m高原士兵1周初步习服者占84.40%;1个月基本习服者占90.16%;6个月达到完全习服者占88.98%。进驻高原1周和1个月未达到初步习服(15.6%)和基本习服(9.84%)的主要因素是HR和SBP高出标准规定的水平,进入高原半年后未达到完全习服标准(11.02%)的中主原因是Hb偏高,其中2人(1.57%)发生红细胞增多症(Hb≥210 g/L)。HR:初步习服和基本初习服阶段均显著高于平原对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著低于初步基习服和基本初习服阶段(P<0.05)。SBP:初步习服阶段与基本习服阶段显著高于平原对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著低于对照、初步习服阶段与基本习服阶段(P<0.05)。DBP:各习服阶段均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。Hb:各习服阶段均显著高于对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著高于初步习服阶段和基本习服阶段(P<0.05)。VO2max:基本习服组和完全习服组显著低于对照(P<0.05)。结论由1 400 m驻地摩托化进驻4 300 m高海拔地区士兵大多能较好地习服高原环境,在初步习服阶段应重点采取改善心血管功能的措施以提高习服水平,进驻较长时间(半年)则应着重预防高原红细胞增多症,并采取综合措施提升高原官兵健康水平。
Objective To investigate the status of the infantry stationed in the 4 300 m plateau for 1 week to 6 months and to analyze the main factors affecting the service. Methods A total of 109 motorcycles (19.71 ± 1.46 years), 1 month [122 persons (19.63 ± 1.29) years old] and 6 months [127 persons , (20.45 ± 1.60) years old] infantry as the object of study, plain soldiers as a control [358, (19.66 ± 1.55) years old]. The pulse, HR, SBP, DBP, VO2m ax and hemoglobin were measured to evaluate the symptoms of acute altitude sickness, and according to the national military standard G JB4301-2002, Apparel condition evaluation. Results The number of motorbikes stationed in 4 300 m plateau at 1 400 m altitude for one week was 84.40%, 90.16% in 1 month and 88.98% in 6 months. The main factors that did not reach initial accreditation (15.6%) and basic accustom (9.84%) at 1 week and 1 month of stationing in the plateau were HR and SBP levels above the standards and did not reach the standard of full accretion after entering the plateau 11.02%) was mainly due to the high Hb, of which 2 (1.57%) had polycythemia (Hb≥210 g / L). HR: The initial stage and the initial stage were significantly higher than the plain control (P <0.05), and the stage of complete stage was significantly lower than that of the stage of initial stage and initial stage (P <0.05). SBP: The stage of initial acclimatization and basic acclimatization was significantly higher than that of plain control (P <0.05). The stage of complete acclimation was significantly lower than that of control, initial acclimatization and basic acclimation (P <0.05). DBP: Each service session was significantly higher than the control (P <0.05). Hb: The stage of each service was significantly higher than that of the control (P <0.05). The stage of complete service was significantly higher than that of the initial stage and the stage of basic acclimatization (P <0.05). VO2max: The basal and complete attendants group was significantly lower than the control (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Most of the soldiers stationed in a high altitude area of 4 300 m stationed by a 1,400 m station are able to better accustomize the plateau environment. During the initial stage of acclimatization, measures should be taken to improve cardiovascular function so as to increase the level of acclimation and to station for a longer period of time (Six months) should focus on the prevention of high altitude polycythemia, and take comprehensive measures to improve the health of plateau officers and soldiers.