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介绍当前地球物理测井技术在煤矿岩体工程勘察领域的应用现状,剖析GSR的基本原理和分析方法,指出GSR是以声波测井数据为基础,并从地质力学的角度考虑各种因素(如矿层、裂隙等)对波速的影响;强调GSR不是要评估岩体的强度,相反,它是提供一种对岩体性质进行定量、综合的评估方法。使用的测井类型分别为声波测井、伽玛测井和密度测井。工程实践表明,地球物理测井方法在识别岩体内部的性质及变化规律方面,有其自身的优势,尤其是在软岩区域圈定、关键层识别、底板突水危险区勘察方面,具有直观、定量表述的优越之处;GSR与单轴抗压强度的对比结果证明,“单一岩体强度指标反映岩体性质”有一定的局限性,GSR的结果更符合现场情况;三维地震勘探与GSR的耦合分析方法,为对钻孔之间的“盲区”探查提供了有益的帮助,是原位探测隔水关键层的有效方法。最后提出基于地球物理技术的“矿山岩体性质原位研究”的基本思路,即利用测井技术对矿山岩体性质进行开采前的三维“静态定量”描述;借助于微震、电磁辐射等监测技术,在煤矿开采过程中对岩体破坏规律的三维“动态定量”描述。
This paper introduces the current application status of geophysical logging technology in the engineering exploration of coal mine rock mass, analyzes the basic principle and analysis method of GSR, points out that GSR is based on sonic logging data and considers various factors from the aspect of geomechanics Such as coal seam, seam, fissure, etc.). It is stressed that GSR is not to assess the strength of rock mass. Instead, it provides a quantitative and comprehensive assessment of rock mass properties. The types of logging used are sonic logging, gamma logging and density logging. Engineering practice shows that geophysical logging methods have their own advantages in identifying the nature and variation of rock mass interior, especially in soft rock area delineation, key layer identification, floor water inrush danger zone exploration, The comparison between the results of GSR and uniaxial compressive strength shows that the “single rock mass strength index reflects the nature of rock mass” has some limitations, and the results of GSR are more in line with the situation in the field. Three-dimensional seismic exploration and GSR coupled analysis method is helpful for the exploration of “blind spot” between boreholes and is an effective method to detect the critical layer of water separation in situ. Finally, the basic idea of “in-situ study on the properties of mine rock mass” based on geophysical technology is put forward. That is, the logging technique is used to describe the nature of mine rock mass before and after mining. By means of microseismic, electromagnetic Radiation and other monitoring techniques, three-dimensional “dynamic quantitative ” description of the law of rock failure during the mining process.