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采用氧指数、锥形量热仪试验研究对比了以氢氧化铝(ATH)、氢氧化镁(MH)、氢氧化钙(HL)阻燃处理沥青的阻燃抑烟性能,分析各金属氢氧化物阻燃特性与机理的异同。氧指数试验将沥青加热到160~170℃并搅拌均匀后,均匀浇附于玻璃纤维毡上。锥形量热仪试验将样品浇筑成内径为70mm、厚约10mm的圆饼,除加热面外的所有面用铝箔纸包覆,并用隔热棉隔断热量从样品背面向外传递。试验结果表明,ATH、MH、HL均可以提升沥青氧指数,延长沥青点燃时间,降低燃烧中热量和有毒烟气的释放。ATH、MH的气相阻燃效果较为显著,添加ATH后沥青氧指数的增加最为明显,燃烧平均热释放速率和CO产率下降最大;添加MH后沥青点燃时间最长,最大热释放速率最低。HL的凝聚相阻燃效果更为明显,添加HL后沥青的燃尽率显著降低,燃烧总热释放量和总烟释放量最小。
The oxygen index and cone calorimeter test were used to compare the flame retardancy and smoke suppression performance of asphalt treated with ATH, MH and HL. The effects of various metal hydroxides Similarities and Differences of Flame Retardant Characteristics and Mechanism of Materials. Oxygen index test The asphalt heated to 160 ~ 170 ℃ and stir, evenly poured on the glass fiber mat. Conical calorimeter test The sample was cast into a round cake with an inner diameter of 70 mm and a thickness of about 10 mm. All surfaces except for the heating surface were covered with aluminum foil and heat was removed from the back of the sample with a thermal cotton. The test results show that ATH, MH and HL can raise the bitumen oxygen index, prolong the bitumen ignition time, and reduce the release of calories and toxic fumes during combustion. ATH and MH had better gas flame retardancy. The addition of ATH showed the most obvious increase of asphalt oxygen index, and the decrease of average heat release rate and CO yield was the most. At the same time, the ignition time of lignite was the longest and the maximum heat release rate was the lowest. The flame retardant effect of HL is more obvious. The addition of HL can significantly reduce the burnout rate of bitumen, and the total heat release and total smoke emission are the least.