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了解人类卵巢的病理生理,须掌握激素对控制正常卵巢卵泡发育、排卵、黄体功能等有关近代知识。近年在卵巢生理学领域中,大量的基础知识多是在细胞一级水平,多是用实验动物模型提出来的。由于卵巢功能的调节,在所有哺乳类动物中很相像,故从实验动物所获材料与了解人类卵巢生理有密切的关系。本文即讨论有关排卵前卵泡发育排卵时、演变成黄体时、卵巢细胞中所发生的结构和生化方面的变化,着重于生殖细胞的演变中,垂体促性腺激素和卵巢甾体激素的调节作用。一、卵泡的发育 (一)始基卵泡生长的开始:卵巢的基本生殖单位是始基卵泡。属非生长期卵泡,由卵细胞、颗粒细胞和基底膜组成。在月经周期中,每次仅有少
To understand the pathophysiology of human ovary, we must master the hormone on the control of normal ovarian follicle development, ovulation, luteal function and other related to modern knowledge. In recent years in the field of ovarian physiology, a lot of basic knowledge is mostly at the cellular level, mostly made with the experimental animal model. Due to the regulation of ovarian function, which is similar in all mammals, the materials obtained from laboratory animals are closely related to the understanding of human ovarian physiology. This article discusses the structural and biochemical changes that occur in ovarian cells when ovarian follicular developmental ovulation develops into the corpus luteum, with a focus on the regulation of gonadotropin and ovarian steroid hormones during the evolution of germ cells. First, the development of follicles (A) the beginning of primordial follicle growth: the basic reproductive unit of the ovary is primordial follicles. Is a non-growing follicles, from the egg cells, granulocytes and basement membrane composition. During the menstrual cycle, there are only a few