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1.日本建设水坝的组织以治水为目的的水坝,是由建设省,用国家的预算修建。以发电为目的而修建的水坝是由9个电力公司、电源开发公司及公营等部门分别修建的,也有专为自家使用而修建的。由公司修建的资金,大部份为公司自己的资金及一部份国家的投资,公营的全由国家投资,专为自家使用而修建的水坝也有用一部份国家投资的。以灌溉为目的的水坝,是由农林省用国家资金修建。水坝工程,几乎全部由包商承包,由监督官厅的建设省及都道府县知事来监督设计和施工。发电用的水坝并有通商产业省参加监督。坝高在15公尺以上的水坝或10公尺以上的土坝须先检查露出的基岩,得到许可后,方可按照高堰堤规则及河川堰堤规则浇筑混凝土,否则不准施工。这是因为在日本一旦水坝破坏
1. Japan’s construction of dams The dam for flood control purposes is built by the Ministry of Construction and built with the state’s budget. Dams constructed for the purpose of generating electricity are constructed separately by nine power companies, power development companies and the public sector, and are also built specifically for their own use. Most of the funds built by the company are company-owned funds and some state-owned investments. All public funds are invested by the state and dams constructed for their own use are also invested by some countries. Dams for irrigation purposes are built with state funds from agriculture and forestry provinces. Dam works, almost entirely contracted by contractors, are supervised by the Ministry of Construction and the governor of the prefectural government to supervise the design and construction. Dam for power generation and Ministry of International Trade and Industry to participate in supervision. The dam with the dam height above 15 meters or the earth dam above 10 meters shall be inspected for the exposed bedrock. Only after being approved, can the concrete be poured in accordance with the rules of high weir and the weir of the river, otherwise construction is not allowed. This is because once dam dams in Japan