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呼吸道传染病主要的传播途径是经飞沫和接触传播，麻醉科医护人员因参与气道管理等操作而成为高风险职业暴露人群。鉴于麻醉科医护人员工作场所频繁切换，在针对不同呼吸道传染病的传播途径做好针对性防护的基础上，本文从麻醉科医护人员的角度探讨常见呼吸道传染病的分区域、分级别的个人防护策略，正确识别职业暴露风险，规范使用防护用品，避免职业暴露和院内感染，以期在合理利用有限医疗资源的同时，做好科学防护，落实精准管理。“,”Respiratory infectious diseases are mainly transmitted via droplet or contact.Anesthesia providers are at high risks of occupational exposure due to their involvements in airway management.From the perspective of anesthesia medical care, we stratified the occupational protection of common respiratory infectious diseases modified by the working areas and medical procedures.We should identify occupational exposure risks, standardize the use of protective equipment, and avoid occupational exposure and nosocomial infections.In this way, scientific protection and precise management can be achieved while rationally utilizing medical resources.