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对高炉-转炉钢铁生产流程造成的环境影响进行了系统、定量的分析。根据流程中各环节物质和能源的消耗量核算出生产过程排放的污染物清单,并根据特征化因子,估算出生产1万t钢材产生的环境影响。结果表明:炼钢和轧钢环节对气候变化的影响较小;烧结环节对酸化和光化学臭氧形成的影响较大;水体富营养化、人体毒性和水生生态毒性的影响几乎全部来源于焦化环节;固体废物主要为炼铁和炼钢过程产生的炉渣;煤气发电环节对气候变化的影响较大;从生命周期角度看,降低能源消耗量对降低高炉-转炉流程对环境的影响将起到双重作用。
A systematic and quantitative analysis of the environmental impacts caused by blast furnace-converter steel production processes was conducted. Based on the consumption of material and energy at each stage of the process, a list of the pollutants discharged during the production process is calculated, and the environmental impact on the production of 10,000 t of steel is estimated based on the characterization factors. The results show that the influence of the steelmaking and rolling processes on the climate change is small; the sintering process has a great influence on the acidification and photochemical ozone formation; the influence of eutrophication, human toxicity and aquatic ecotoxicity is almost entirely from the coking process; Waste is mainly produced by iron-making and steel-making processes. The impact of coal-fired power generation on climate change is greater. From a life cycle perspective, reducing energy consumption will play a dual role in reducing the environmental impact of blast furnace-converter processes.