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以大型铝合金锻件为研究对象,以锻件的应变均匀性及锻造变形力作为评价指标,提出了采用正交实验并进行响应面法建模分析,得到了二阶响应面模型。通过数值模拟验证模型准确性,可用于后续优化。求得目标函数设计空间中的最佳工艺参数组合为:飞边槽高度3.56 mm、锻造温度451℃、摩擦系数0.35和成形速率7.25 mm·s-1。采用Deform对优化后的工艺参数进行验证,优化后锻件的成形均匀性较好,并可以降低锻件成形载荷。根据优化结果,对铝合金锻件进行生产试制,结果表明,通过多目标优化后得到的锻件尺寸及性能均满足要求,设备成形载荷能较好地满足要求。
Taking the large aluminum alloy forgings as the research object, taking the uniformity of forgings and the forging deformation force as the evaluation indexes, this paper proposed the second order response surface model by orthogonal experiment and response surface method. The model accuracy is verified by numerical simulation and can be used for subsequent optimization. The optimal combination of process parameters in the design space of the objective function is as follows: height of flashing trough 3.56 mm, forging temperature 451 ℃, friction coefficient 0.35 and forming rate 7.25 mm · s-1. Deform is used to validate the optimized process parameters. After the optimization, the forming uniformity of the forging is better and the forming load of the forging can be reduced. According to the optimization results, the trial production of aluminum alloy forgings was carried out. The results show that the size and the performance of the forgings obtained by multi-objective optimization meet the requirements, and the forming load of the equipment can better meet the requirements.