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《民事诉讼法》是审理民事案件的基本法律。现行《民事诉讼法》是1991年七届全国人大第四次会议通过的。十六年来,《民事诉讼法》对于保护当事人的诉讼权利,保障人民法院正确、及时地审理民事案件,维护经济社会秩序,促进社会主义现代化建设,发挥了重要作用。同时,随着改革开放和经济社会的发展,经济成分、组织形式、利益关系日趋多样化,新情况新问题不断出现,民事纠纷日益增多,公民、法人向人民法院提起民事诉讼维护自身合法权益的民事案件大量增加。人民法院在审理和执行过程中遇到了许多新的矛盾和难题,《民事诉讼法》的现有规定已经不能完全适应司法实践的需要。有必要总结民事审判实践经验,修改完善《民事诉讼法》。
The Civil Procedure Law is the basic law for hearing civil cases. The current “Code of Civil Procedure” was adopted at the Fourth Session of the Seventh National People’s Congress in 1991. For 16 years, the Code of Civil Procedure has played an important role in protecting litigation rights of litigants, ensuring that people’s courts correctly and promptly handle civil cases, safeguarding economic and social order and promoting socialist modernization. At the same time, with the reform and opening up and the economic and social development, economic elements, organizational forms and interest relations are increasingly diversified. New situations and new problems continue to emerge, and civil disputes are on the increase. Citizens and legal persons bring civil actions to the people’s courts to safeguard their own legitimate rights and interests Civil cases have increased substantially. People’s courts have encountered many new contradictions and difficulties in the process of trial and implementation. The existing provisions of the Civil Procedure Law can no longer fully meet the needs of judicial practice. It is necessary to summarize the practical experience of civil trial and amend and improve the Civil Procedure Law.