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目的探讨非糖尿病人群随访3年糖代谢转归情况,为糖尿病的早期防治及高危人群的筛查提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法在山东省青岛市抽取3 844名35～74岁非糖尿病人群作为研究对象,将研究对象分为正常糖耐量(NGT)组和糖调节受损(IGR)组,其中IGR组再分为空腹血糖受损(IFG)组、糖耐量异常(IGT)组和IFG+IGT组,观察2006—2009年3年中研究对象糖代谢指标转归情况。结果青岛市随访3年非糖尿病人群2型糖尿病(T2DM)累积发病率为11.2%;其中男性和女性人群T2DM 3年累积发病率分别为12.9%和10.3%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);城市和农村地区人群T2DM 3年累积发病率分别为9.1%和12.0%,其中城市地区45岁～、55岁～和65～74岁人群T2DM 3年累积发病率分别为6.4%、12.5%和11.5%,均低于农村地区的11.1%、19.9%和23.3%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),城市和农村地区35～44岁人群T2DM 3年累积发病率分别为9.0%和6.3%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);NGT、IGR、IFG、IGT和IFG+IGT组T2DM 3年累积发病率分别为7.1%、20.8%、20.9%、14.5%和32.3%;各组T2DM 3年累积发病率比较,IFG、IGT和IFG+IGT组T2DM 3年累积发病率均高于NGT组(P<0.05),IFG+IGT组T2DM 3年累积发病率分别高于IFG、IGT组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论青岛市非糖尿病人群糖尿病发病率较高,农村地区≥45岁人群和IGR人群是T2DM的高危人群。
Objective To investigate the outcome of 3 years follow-up of glucose metabolism in non-diabetic population and provide reference for early prevention and treatment of diabetes and screening of high-risk population. Methods A total of 3844 non-diabetic 35-74-year-old non-diabetic subjects were enrolled in the study. The subjects were divided into normal glucose tolerance (IGT) group and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) group by stratified random sampling method. The IGR group was further divided into fasting glucose (IFG) group, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group and IFG + IGT group. The changes of glucose metabolism index in the three years from 2006 to 2009 were observed. Results The cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in non-diabetic population was 11.2% at 3 years of follow-up in Qingdao city. The cumulative incidence of T2DM in both men and women was 12.9% and 10.3% respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05 ). The cumulative incidence of T2DM in urban and rural areas in three years was 9.1% and 12.0% respectively. The cumulative incidence of T2DM in urban population aged 45 years, 55 years and 65-74 years in urban areas was 6.4% and 12.5% respectively, And 11.5% respectively, which were all lower than those in rural areas (11.1%, 19.9% and 23.3% respectively) (P <0.01). The cumulative incidence of T2DM in urban and rural areas aged 35-44 was 9.0% (P> 0.05). The cumulative incidence of T2DM in 3 years in NGT, IGR, IFG, IGT and IFG + IGT groups was 7.1%, 20.8%, 20.9%, 14.5% and 32.3%, respectively; The 3-year cumulative incidence of T2DM in each group was higher in IFG, IGT and IFG + IGT groups than in NGT group (P <0.05). The cumulative incidence of T2DM in IFG + IGT group was higher than that of IFG group, IGT group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes in non-diabetic population is high in Qingdao. People aged ≥ 45 and IGR in rural areas are at high risk of T2DM.