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目的:比较经心外膜、静脉移植骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)治疗大鼠急性心肌梗死(AMI)的效果,为临床选择移植方法提供依据。方法:体外获取、培养大鼠骨髓MSCs。建立AMI模型,分别经心外膜、静脉移植5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶(BrdU)标记的MSCs。移植3周后超声测算左心室射血分数(LVEF)、短轴缩短率(FS);右颈总动脉插管检测血流动力学指标;免疫组化分析心肌内MSCs。结果:静脉移植组、心外膜移植组LVEF、FS较对照组均升高(P<0.05),心外膜移植组比静脉移植组升高更明显(P<0.05)。静脉移植组、心外膜移植组左心室收缩压、压力变化上升及下降速率最大值升高,左心室舒张末期压降低,心外膜移植组的变化比静脉移植组更明显(P<0.05)。心外膜移植组梗死心肌内BrdU阳性的MSCs数多于静脉移植组。结论:经心外膜移植MSCs治疗AMI的效果优于静脉移植途径。
Objective: To compare the effect of transcardiac transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats, and to provide evidence for clinical choice of transplantation. Methods: Rat bone marrow MSCs were obtained and cultured in vitro. The AMI model was established, and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeled MSCs were transcardially transplanted into the epicardium and vein respectively. Three weeks after transplantation, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and short axis shortening (FS) were measured by ultrasound. Hemodynamic parameters of right common carotid artery were measured. Immunohistochemical analysis of intramyocardial MSCs was performed. Results: Compared with the control group, the LVEF and FS of the vein graft group and the epicardium group were significantly increased (P <0.05). The level of LVEF and FS in the epicardium transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the vein graft group (P <0.05). Compared with the vein graft group, the changes of left ventricular systolic pressure, pressure increase and descending rate in the vein graft group and epicardial transplantation group were higher and the left ventricular end diastolic pressure was lower than that in the vein graft group (P <0.05) . The number of BrdU positive MSCs in the epicardium transplantation group was more than that in the vein graft group. CONCLUSION: Transcardiac MSCs transplantation is superior to vein graft in the treatment of AMI.