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肠道病毒A组71型(EV-A71)是引起手足口病暴发流行的主要病原体,也是除脊髓灰质炎病毒以外最为重要的人肠道病毒病原体。截止2017年2月,全球报道的EV-A71共包括7个基因型(A~G)和14个基因亚型,其中B基因型和C基因型是目前全球流行的优势基因型,目前已鉴定B基因型有8个基因亚型(B0~B7),C基因型有6个基因亚型(C1~C6)。C4基因亚型中C4a进化分支是引起中国大陆近年手足口病大规模暴发流行的主要病原之一,也是引起手足口病重症和死亡的绝对优势病原体。本文对全球流行的EV-A71基因(亚)型的地理和年代分布、新基因型的发现进行了系统的归纳分析,为中国检测和监测引起HFMD流行的EV-A71基因型或亚型的动态变化提供基础数据。
Enterovirus A group 71 (EV-A71) is the major causative agent of HFMD outbreak and the most important human enterovirus virus except poliovirus. As of February 2017, there are 7 genotypes (A ~ G) and 14 genotypes of EV-A71 in the world. Among them, genotypes B and C are the most prevalent genotypes in the world and have been identified B genotype has 8 gene subtypes (B0 ~ B7), C genotype has 6 gene subtypes (C1 ~ C6). C4a subtype C4a evolutionary branch is caused by mainland China in recent years, one of the major pathogens of HFMD outbreak, but also cause hand-foot-mouth disease severe and death absolute predominant pathogens. This article systematically summarizes the geographical and age distributions of EV-A71 genotypes (sub) type and the discovery of new genotypes in the world, so as to test and monitor the dynamic status of EV-A71 genotype or subtype that causes HFMD epidemic in China Changes provide basic data.