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本研究以外科术后发生医院感染者为病例，以接受同种手术治疗的非医院感染者为对照，应用回顾性查阅病案的方法进行了１：１配比的病例对照研究，共计３００对。初步探讨了外科术后发生医院感染的危险因素。多因素条件ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析结果表明：侵袭性操作，抗生素使用种类，术后渗血，激素使用时间和血红蛋白含量是医院感染的主要危险因素。同时，作者随机选择１９９０年以来的术后病人１０００例按暴露于上述５个因素的不同个数分析，结果显示医院术后感染率及ＲＲ值随着暴露因素个数的增加而升高，提示上述５个因素对医院术后感染的发生有明显的协同作用。
In this study, patients with nosocomial infections after surgery as the case to accept the same surgical treatment of non-nosocomial infection as a control, the application of retrospectively review the medical record of a 1: 1 ratio of the case-control study, a total of 300 pairs. Preliminary study of surgical risk factors for nosocomial infections. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factors of nosocomial infection were aggressive operation, the types of antibiotics used, postoperative bleeding, hormone use time and hemoglobin content. At the same time, the authors randomly selected 1000 cases of postoperative patients since 1990 according to the different number of exposure to the above five factors, the results showed that the hospital postoperative infection rate and RR value increased with the increase in the number of exposure, suggesting The above five factors on the occurrence of postoperative hospital infection has a clear synergy.