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目的:探讨人参皂甙Rgl对大鼠游泳过程中血糖和相关血糖调节激素以及对血浓度变化的影响,为阐明其抗疲劳作用提供实验依据。方法:实验于2003-01/06在湖南师范大学动物实验室完成。进行两个实验,①42只大鼠随机平均分为6组(n=7),其中5组连续两天以5,10,15,25或30mg/(kg·d)的剂量给大鼠腹腔注射人参皂甙Rgl,给另一组腹腔注射等容积生理盐水,测定其力竭游泳时间。②84只大鼠随机分为12组(n=7),其中6组为人参皂甙Rg1给药组,另6组为生理盐水对照组。给药组大鼠连续两天以20mg/(kg·d)的剂量注射人参皂甙Rgl,对照组注射等体积生理盐水后。分别在安静状态下和游泳0.5,1,1.5,2,3h测定血乳酸、葡萄糖浓度及糖原含量。结果:126只大鼠均进入结果分析,无脱失值。①人参皂甙Rg1对大鼠力竭游泳时间的影响:人参皂甙Rgl给药组15mg/(kg·d)以上剂量,各给药组力竭游泳时间均长于对照组[(6.11±0.52),(6.29±0.65),(6.23±0.57),(4.00±0.37)h,P<0.05,P<0.01]。在5～25mg/(kg·d)剂量范围内随剂量增加,力竭游泳时间明显延长。②人参皂甙Rg1对大鼠游泳过程中肌、肝糖原含量的影响:安静状态下,给药组和对照组的肌、肝糖原含量基本相等。在游泳过程中,给药组与对照组肌、肝糖原含量均随着游泳时间延长而下降,但给药组下降较慢。给药组在游泳3h后约下降30%,对照组在相同的游泳时间后下降70%。③人参皂甙Rg1对大鼠游泳过程中血乳酸浓度的影响:人参皂甙Rg1给药组的血乳酸浓度上升不明显;而对照组的血乳酸浓度则有较大幅度上升,在运动1h后达到峰值,约为安静状态下的4倍。给药组游泳0.5,1h和1.5h的血乳酸浓度低于各相应对照组。④人参皂甙Rg1对大鼠游泳过程中血糖浓度的影响:游泳过程中,给药组血糖浓度仅略有下降,而对照组下降较为明显。对照组在运动1,2,3h后,下降幅度依次为24%,30%,35%,下降幅度明显大于安静组或相应给药组。结论:人参皂甙Rgl对游泳大鼠具有减缓血糖下降,预防运动性低血糖发生的作用,这种作用可能是由于相关血糖调节激素的分泌或活性变化引起。
Objective: To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rgl on blood glucose and related blood glucose regulating hormones and changes of blood concentration during swimming in rats, and to provide experimental evidence for clarifying its anti-fatigue effect. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Animal Laboratory of Hunan Normal University from January 2003 to June 2006. In two experiments, 142 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=7), and 5 groups were given intraperitoneal injections of 5, 10, 15, 25, or 30 mg/(kg·d) for two consecutive days. Ginsenoside Rgl was given to another group by intraperitoneal injection of an equal volume of normal saline, and its exhaustion time was measured. 284 rats were randomly divided into 12 groups (n=7), of which 6 groups were ginsenoside Rg1 administration group and the other 6 groups were normal saline control group. Ginsenoside Rgl was injected at a dose of 20 mg/(kg·d) for two consecutive days in the administration group and an equal volume of saline was injected into the control group. Blood lactic acid, glucose concentration, and glycogen content were measured at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 h after swimming in a quiet state. RESULTS: All 126 rats were involved in the analysis of the results without loss of value. 1 The effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on exhausted swimming time of rats: Ginsenoside Rgl administration group 15 mg/(kg·d) or more, and the exhaustive swimming time of each administration group was longer than that of the control group [(6.11±0.52), ( 6.29 ± 0.65), (6.23 ± 0.57), (4.00 ± 0.37) h, P <0.05, P <0.01]. In the dose range of 5 to 25 mg/(kg·d), as the dose increased, the time for exhaustive swimming was significantly prolonged. 2 The effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on muscle and hepatic glycogen content in rats during swimming: At rest, the levels of muscle and liver glycogen in the administration group and the control group were almost equal. In the swimming process, the content of muscle and hepatic glycogen in the administration group and the control group decreased with the prolonged swimming time, but the drug group decreased slowly. The administration group dropped about 30% after swimming for 3 hours, and the control group decreased by 70% after the same swimming time. 3 The effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on blood lactate concentration during swimming: The blood lactic acid concentration in the ginsenoside Rg1 administration group did not increase significantly, while the blood lactic acid concentration in the control group increased significantly, peaking at 1 h after exercise. , about 4 times quieter. The blood lactate concentrations in the administration group at 0.5, 1 and 1.5 hours were lower than those in the corresponding control groups. 4 Effects of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Blood Glucose Concentration during Swimming: In the swimming process, the blood glucose concentration of the drug administration group decreased only slightly, while it decreased significantly in the control group. After 1, 2, and 3h of exercise, the control group showed a decrease of 24%, 30%, and 35% in turn, and the decrease was significantly greater than that of the quiet group or the corresponding administration group. CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside Rgl has the effects of slowing down blood glucose and preventing the occurrence of exercise hypoglycemia in swimming rats. This effect may be due to the secretion or activity change of related blood glucose regulating hormones.