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户口管理是国家的一项重要行政管理制度。我国现行的户口管理制度是50年代开始建立并在60年代和70年代逐步发展起来的。其主要的特点是依城乡把全国人口分为农业人口（农民）和非农业人口（市民）。两类户口具有完全不同的福利背景:非农业户口主要居住城镇,其就业、生活一般都由国家负责安排。农业户口只能住在农村,就业和生活一般不由国家负责安排,除考入国家正规大中专学校以及少量招工、招干、参军提干等之外,一般情况下不能转为非农业户口,不能进城镇落户。
Account management is an important national administrative system. The current hukou management system in our country started to be established in the 1950s and gradually developed in the 1960s and 1970s. Its main feature is that the entire country is divided into agricultural population (peasant) and non-agricultural population (citizen) according to urban and rural areas. Two kinds of hukou have completely different welfare background: the main non-agricultural hukou town, their employment, life is generally arranged by the state. Agricultural accounts can only live in rural areas. Employment and living are generally not the responsibility of the state. Apart from being admitted to national regular colleges and universities and a small number of recruits, cadres and the military, the general public can not be transferred to non- Can not settle in the town.