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目的对贵阳市2009-2013年确诊报告的4例人感染高致病性禽流感病例进行流行病学分析,为进一步科学防控人禽流感提供依据。方法对确诊病例按卫生部《人感染高致病性禽流感流行病学调查方案》进行个案调查,采用RT-PCR或Real Time-PCR法对病例呼吸道标本及外环境标本进行流感病毒核酸检测。结果 4例病例首发症状均有发热等流感样症状,1例治愈,3例死亡。在发病后6 d发现并报告,在发病后8.5 d确诊。4例病例发病前均无外出及病死禽接触史。3例近距离接触过活禽,1例接触速冻生禽。可疑暴露外环境中检测出H5阳性。结论加强不明原因肺炎病例监测,及早发现人禽流感病例,早期开展有效的治疗,可以降低人禽流感病例的病死率。被禽流感病毒污染的农贸市场外环境及速冻生禽是可能的传染源。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological analysis of 4 cases of human cases of HPAI in the diagnosis report of 2009-2013 in Guiyang, and provide the basis for further scientific prevention and control of human bird flu. Methods The confirmed cases were investigated by the Ministry of Health, “Epidemiology of Human Infection with HPAI” and RT-PCR or Real-Time-PCR was used to detect influenza virus nucleic acid in respiratory specimens and external environment. Results The first symptom of 4 cases had fever-like flu-like symptoms, 1 case was cured and 3 cases died. It was found and reported 6 days after onset and diagnosed 8.5 days after onset. Four cases before the onset of out-patient and dead poultry contact history. 3 cases of close contact with live birds, 1 case of exposure to frozen poultry. Suspected exposure to the environment detected H5 positive. Conclusion Strengthening the surveillance of pneumonia of unexplained pneumonia and early detection of cases of human bird flu and early effective treatment can reduce the case fatality rate of human bird flu cases. The environment outside farmer’s markets contaminated with avian influenza virus and frozen raw poultry are possible sources of infection.