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目的了解安徽省肥东县5岁以下儿童死亡趋势及主要死亡原因,为降低5岁以下儿童死亡率提供干预措施。方法对肥东县2007-2014年儿童死亡的监测资料进行分析,总结5岁以下儿童死亡的变化趋势,5岁以下儿童死亡的年龄构成特点及死亡原因。结果 5岁以下儿童死亡率呈逐年下降的趋势,儿童死亡主要发生在婴儿期,儿童死亡的主要原因为先天异常、早产或低出生体重、出生窒息、意外、肺炎,其中先天异常死亡增多,出生窒息、早产或低出生体重死亡率居高不下,肺炎死亡率降幅较明显。结论应推广预防早产的适宜技术,降低早产发生;提高产科质量,提高抢救成功率,加大健康教育宣传力度,通过各种途径和方式,加强对育龄女性出生缺陷防治相关知识的教育,建立院前社会急救体系,提高和普及意外伤害的现场救助能力,进一步降低5岁以下儿童死亡率。
Objective To understand the mortality trends and causes of death among children under 5 years of age in Feidong County, Anhui Province and provide interventions to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age. Methods The monitoring data of child deaths in Feidong County from 2007 to 2014 were analyzed. The trends of deaths among children under 5 years of age, the age characteristics of deaths of children under 5 and the cause of death were summarized. Results The mortality rate of children under 5 showed a declining trend year by year. Child death mainly occurred in infancy. The main causes of child death were congenital anomalies, premature birth or low birth weight, birth asphyxia, accidents and pneumonia. Incidence of congenital abnormal death increased Asphyxia, high preterm or low birth weight mortality, pneumonia mortality decreased significantly. Conclusions Appropriate techniques should be popularized to prevent premature birth, reduce the incidence of preterm birth, improve the quality of obstetrics, improve the success rate of rescue, increase the publicity of health education, strengthen the education on the birth control of women of childbearing age through various ways and methods, Former social emergency system, to improve and popularize accidental injury on-site rescue capabilities to further reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age.