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阿根廷是现代化研究的重要案例之一,它的核心是如何解释其从20世纪初期的繁荣国度和希望之邦逐步沦落为一个相对贫困、落后的“衰败国家”的问题。学术界将这一问题称之为“阿根廷之谜”。国外学者侧重于从庇隆主义、外部因素、文化因素、综合因素等方面来探寻“阿根廷之谜”的答案;国内学者对阿根延社会性质、庇隆主义和阿根廷经济危机的研究和讨论,同样有助于解答“阿根廷之谜”。本文对国内外学术界围绕“阿根廷之谜”进行研究的状况加以系统梳理,旨在建构一个较为完整的学术史框架,为更加深入的研究和探讨做铺垫。
Argentina is one of the important cases of the modernization study. Its core is how to explain its gradual reduction from a state of prosperity and hope in the early 20th century to a relatively backward and backward “decaying state.” Academics call this question “the mystery of Argentina.” Foreign scholars focus on exploring the answers to the “mystery of Argentina” from Peronism, external factors, cultural factors, and comprehensive factors; the domestic scholars’ research and discussion on the social nature of Argenton, Peronism and the economic crisis in Argentina , Also help to answer “Argentina’s mystery ”. This article systematically reviews the domestic and international academic circles’ research on the “Enigma of Argentina”, aiming at building a relatively complete academic history framework and paving the way for more in-depth research and discussion.