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本文在分析元代白話碑、明代《蒙古秘史》和清代滿語教材中“直譯”和“意譯”現象的基礎上,探討元、明、清三代所採用的“直譯”這一翻譯方法的真正目的。這三種文獻都清楚地表明,“直譯”並非是到達“意譯”前的過渡階段,“直譯”具有直譯自身的目的,即它能反映出原文(蒙文或滿文)的優越性。唯有這樣解釋,似乎纔能使我們理解“直譯”未被淘汰並仍保持其生命力的原因。
Based on the analysis of the phenomena of “literal translation” and “free translation” in the Ming Dynasty “Mongolian Secret History” and the Qing Dynasty Manchurian teaching materials, this paper explores the literary translation of “literal translation ”The real purpose of this method of translation. All three documents clearly show that “literal translation ” is not the transitional stage until “literal translation ” “literal translation ” has the purpose of literal translation, that is, it can reflect the original text (Mongolian or Manchu) The superiority. The only way to explain this seems to make us understand why “literal translation ” was not eliminated and still maintain its vitality.