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成都平原位于长江流域带上游,是我国西南地区最主要的桃产业区域之一,对该地区的桃主栽品种进行遗传多样性分析并构建特异的分子指纹图谱对该地区桃种质资源和栽培应用具有重要的指导意义。该研究随机选择100对二核苷酸重复的NCBI-EST-SSR引物对40份桃主栽品种进行PCR扩增;然后选出12对多态性好、稳定性高的单位点扩增引物对材料进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示,40个品种的基因多样性指数在种级水平和品种群水平分别为0.579 6和0.428 3,遗传多样性高于先前的相关研究。在品种群水平上,直枝桃品种群的基因多样性指数最高(H=0.547 2),硬肉桃品种群次之(H=0.5417)。最后,采用“三步法”筛选得到6对EST-SSR引物组成区分效力最强的引物组合(pp079+pp098+pp074+pp016+pp075+pp063),并采用“+/-”矩阵为40份桃主栽品种构建了独一无二的EST-SST指纹图谱。该研究不仅为成都平原的桃主栽品种鉴定提供了分子依据,也为指纹图谱的实践运用补充了新的方向。
Located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River valley, Chengdu Plain is one of the most important peach industry areas in southwestern China. Genetic diversity of peach cultivars in the region was analyzed and the molecular fingerprinting of peach cultivars Application has important guiding significance. In this study, randomly selected 100 pairs of dinucleotide repeat NCBI-EST-SSR primers for 40 major varieties of peach cultivars PCR amplification; and then selected 12 pairs of polymorphic, high stability single-point amplification primer pairs Materials for genetic diversity analysis. The results showed that the genetic diversity index of 40 cultivars was 0.579 6 and 0.428 3 at the seed level and species population, respectively. The genetic diversity of the 40 cultivars was higher than that of previous studies. At the population level, the index of genetic diversity was the highest (H = 0.547 2), followed by the hard peach varieties (H = 0.5417). Finally, six pairs of EST-SSR primer combinations (pp079 + pp098 + pp074 + pp016 + pp075 + pp063) were screened using the “three-step” method and the “+/-” matrix A unique EST-SST fingerprinting was constructed for 40 peach cultivars. The study not only provided the molecular basis for the identification of peach cultivars in Chengdu Plain, but also added a new direction for the practice of fingerprinting.