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(一)我国原有的高度集中的计划经济体制,是从1949年建国开始选定并着手建立,到1957年基本形成的,它是学习仿效苏联经济模式的必然产物。我国之所以选择这样一个高度集中的计划经济体制,除了受自然经济和供给制影响以及建国初期历史条件和物资匮乏的制约外,还在于固有的经典理论依据和思想认识根源。马克思,恩格斯在当时所设想的社会主义经济制度,是由社会代表全体劳动者直接占有全部生产资料,实行没有商品货币关系的计划经济。斯大林较马克思、恩格斯进步了一些,但他仍然否认全民所有制企业之间流通的生产资料是商品,否认价值规律在生产领域起调节
(1) The original highly centralized planned economy in our country was chosen from the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 and embarked upon its establishment. It basically formed in 1957 and is an inevitable outcome of learning from the Soviet economic model. In addition to being constrained by the natural economy and the supply system and by the constraints of the historical conditions and material shortages in the early days after the founding of our nation, the reason why China has chosen such a highly centralized planned economy still lies in its inherent classical theoretical basis and the source of its ideological understanding. The socialist economic system envisioned by Marx and Engels at the time was that all social workers represent the entire means of production directly and implement a planned economy without commodity-currency relations. Stalin improved more than Marx and Engels, but he still denied that the means of production in circulation among enterprises owned by the whole people are commodities and denied that the law of value regulates in the field of production