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目的 分析增龄、绝经以及合并膝退行性骨关节炎对妇女股骨颈骨强度 (FS)和下肢骨骼肌力量 (MF)的影响。方法 将 30 6名检查对象 (15～ 74岁 )按年龄和月经状况进行分组。在绝经后妇女中 ,膝退行性骨关节炎 76例。均以双能X线骨密度仪测量股骨颈和腰椎 (L2 4)骨密度 (BMD) ,以运动功能分析仪测量FS和MF等指标。结果 (1)增龄 :FS与MF最高值均出现在 15～ 19岁年龄组 ,以后其数值随增龄下降 ,至 6 0～ 74岁年龄组 (平均 6 4 2岁 ) ,分别下降 2 6 2 %和 4 6 9% ,平均年降率分别为 0 5 5 %和 0 99%。 (2 )绝经 :4 0～ 5 5岁年龄组中有 3种月经情况 ,与月经正常组相比 ,绝经后组FS及MF分别降低 9 4 %和 2 1 7%。 (3)骨关节炎 :与无骨关节炎组相比 ,膝退行性骨关节炎组FS及MF均较低 ,但仅MF差异有显著意义 (t=5 33,P <0 0 0 1)。 (4)其他 :FS与股骨颈BMD和MF呈正相关 ,与年龄和BMI呈负相关。结论 FS和MF随年龄增长逐渐下降 ,绝经可加重二者的下降程度 ,以MF下降更明显。绝经后有膝骨关节炎者上述两指标较低。保持骨骼肌体积和力量是防治膝退行性骨关节炎及绝经后骨质疏松症的重要措施
Objective To analyze the effects of aging, menopause and knee osteoarthritis on femoral neck bone strength (FS) and lower extremity skeletal muscle strength (MF). Methods 30 6 subjects (15-74 years old) were grouped by age and menstrual status. In postmenopausal women, knee osteoarthritis 76 cases. BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine (L2 4) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and FS and MF were measured by motor function analyzer. Results (1) Aging: The highest values of FS and MF appeared in the age group of 15-19 years old, and then decreased with age, reaching the age of 60-74 (average age of 622), decreased by 26 2% and 469%, respectively. The average annual reduction rates were 0 5 5% and 0 99% respectively. (2) Menopause: There were 3 kinds of menstruation in 4 ~ 5 years old age group. Compared with the normal menstruation group, FS and MF decreased by 94% and 21 7% respectively in the postmenopausal group. (3) Osteoarthritis: Compared with non-osteoarthritis group, FS and MF were lower in knee osteoarthritis group, but only MF difference was significant (t = 533, P <0.01) . (4) other: FS and femoral neck BMD and MF was positively correlated with age and BMI was negatively correlated. Conclusions FS and MF decline gradually with age, and menopause may aggravate the degree of decline of both, especially in MF. Postmenopausal knee osteoarthritis of the above two indicators are low. Maintenance of skeletal muscle volume and strength is an important measure to prevent and treat knee osteoarthritis and postmenopausal osteoporosis