论文部分内容阅读
目的了解广西区直管放射诊疗单位5年来不同放射工种工作人员的外照射个人剂量水平和分布,比较各类放射工作受照剂量的差异,分析人员受照剂量的年度变化。方法采用氟化锂(L iF)热释光个人剂量计探测器,按照GB128—2002《职业性外照射个人监测规范》和GB 5294—85《放射工作人员个人剂量监测方法》进行监测。结果5年间共监测2 354人,监测率达95%以上。放射工作人员的人年均剂量当量为0.62 mSv,人均年剂量呈下降趋势。不同工种的放射工作人员人年均剂量最高是核医学(2.02 mSv)。对集体剂量的主要贡献者是核医学。年剂量<5 mSv的人数占总人数98.5%,连续5年的年均有效剂量超过年剂量限值(20 mSv)的人数为0。结论广西区直管单位的放射工作人员人年均剂量水平低于1995年的全国平均水平,也低于GB 18871—2002《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》规定的放射性职业照射剂量限值的1/10。从事核医学诊疗的放射工作人员受照人年均剂量高于2003年全国平均水平,为1993年UNSCEAR报道的全世界职业照射个人剂量水平的45%。必须加强对剂量水平较高的核医学和介入治疗的防护管理,增强防护意识,提高辐射安全文化素养。
Objective To investigate the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region straight pipe radiology unit External Dose levels and distribution of different types of radiation workers in the past five years, comparing various types of radiation workers affected by differences in radiation dose, analyzing annual radiation dose of personnel changes. The method using lithium fluoride (L iF) personal dosimeter thermoluminescent detector according GB128-2002 “Occupational External Radiation individual monitoring Specification” and GB 5294-85 “Radiology Workers Dose Method” monitoring. Results During the 5 years, a total of 2 354 people were monitored with the monitoring rate above 95%. The average annual dose equivalent of radiographers is 0.62 mSv, and the annual per capita dose is declining. The highest annual average dose of radiographers in different occupations is nuclear medicine (2.02 mSv). The main contributor to the collective dose is nuclear medicine. The number of people with an annual dose of <5 mSv accounted for 98.5% of the total population. The number of people who exceeded the annual dose limit (20 mSv) for an average annual effective dose of 5 for 5 consecutive years was 0. Radiation workers average annual dose levels conclusions Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region straight tube units below the national average in 1995, and also lower than the radiation dose limits for occupational exposure specified in GB 18871-2002 “Ionizing Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources basic standards” 1/10. The annual average exposure of radiation workers in nuclear medicine clinics is higher than the national average in 2003, accounting for 45% of the individual dose levels of occupational exposure reported worldwide by UNSCEAR in 1993. We must step up the protection and management of nuclear medicine and interventional therapy with higher dose levels, enhance the awareness of prevention and raise the cultural awareness of radiation safety.