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自二十世纪七八十年代,员工工作态度一直是组织行为学和人力资源管理领域的研究重点,其中工作倦怠更是研究的热点。但随着积极心理学和积极组织行为学探索研究的兴起,积极心理学成为近年来心理学界一种新的研究取向。传统心理学研究的焦点是人类消极的行为和负面的状态,重在研究病理及缺陷。而积极心理学则重在用积极的方式重新解读人的行为和心理现象,发现人的优点,关注人的积极情感和人的最佳状况。随着市场竞争的加剧,当今的企业管理理念正在转变,由原来侧重追求效率、降低成本的管理思维向重视员工的工作态度、工作行为过渡,这种新的管理思维模式正推动着我国企业的变革。同时,企业为了在变革中处于有利地位,企业对员工的要求,对工作态度的要求也越来越高。
Since the seventies and eighties of the twentieth century, employee attitude has always been the focus of research in the field of organizational behavior and human resource management. Job burnout is a hot spot for research. However, with the rise of research in positive psychology and active organizational behavior, positive psychology has become a new research orientation in psychology in recent years. The focus of traditional psychology research is the negative behavior and negative state of human beings, focusing on pathology and defects. Positive psychology, on the other hand, focuses on re-interpreting human behavior and psychological phenomena in a positive way, identifying the strengths of people, and focusing on the positive emotions and the best conditions of people. With the intensification of market competition, the concept of business management is changing from the management thinking of pursuing efficiency and cost reduction to the emphasis on employee’s working attitude and working behavior. This new mode of management thinking is driving the development of Chinese enterprises change. At the same time, enterprises in order to be in a favorable position in the change, business requirements of the staff, the attitude toward work is also getting higher and higher.