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目的了解深圳市托幼机构儿童贫血现状,为降低儿童贫血患病率,制定预防策略和干预措施提供理论依据。方法用分层整群抽样方法,收集随机抽取的317所托幼机构儿童2013年体检资料进行统计分析。结果 1)深圳市托幼机构儿童血红蛋白平均值为(123.83±8.83)g/L。其贫血患病率为6.28%,以轻度贫血为主占98.7%。2~6岁组儿童分别为4.16%、4.59%、3.88%、10.81%、8.50%,不同年龄组间儿童贫血患病率不同(χ~2=1 304.4,P<0.001)。男女童贫血患病率无明显差异(χ~2=0.143,P=0.705)。2)中心区托幼机构儿童贫血患病率3.83%低于周边区7.51%(χ~2=432.63,P<0.001)。3)未评级、区级、市级、省级托幼机构的儿童贫血患病率依次为7.39%、7.23%、4.57%、4.11%,其差异有统计学意义(χ~2=284.0,P<0.001),托幼机构级别与贫血患病率呈线性趋势(χ~2=246.1,P<0.001)。4)患有低体重、生长迟缓、消瘦、肥胖儿童的贫血患病率均高于正常儿童(P<0.001)。结论深圳市托幼机构儿童贫血现状不容乐观,需针对不同情况儿童采取干预措施,进一步降低其贫血患病率,促进儿童健康成长。
Objective To understand the status of children’s anemia in kindergartens and nurses in Shenzhen and to provide theoretical basis for reducing the prevalence of anemia in children and formulating preventive strategies and interventions. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect statistical data of 2013 randomly selected children from 317 nurseries. Results 1) The average hemoglobin of children in kindergartens in Shenzhen was (123.83 ± 8.83) g / L. The prevalence of anemia was 6.28%, with mild anemia accounted for 98.7%. Children aged 2 to 6 years were 4.16%, 4.59%, 3.88%, 10.81% and 8.50%, respectively. The prevalence of anemia among children of different ages was different (χ ~ 2 = 1 304.4, P <0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of anemia among boys and girls (χ ~ 2 = 0.143, P = 0.705). 2) The prevalence of anemia in child care centers in the center was 3.83% lower than 7.51% in the peripheral areas (χ ~ 2 = 432.63, P <0.001). 3) The prevalence rates of child anemia in non-rated, district-level, municipal and provincial nurseries were 7.39%, 7.23%, 4.57% and 4.11%, respectively, with significant differences (χ ~ 2 = 284.0, P <0.001). There was a linear tendency between the level of child-bearing institution and the prevalence of anemia (χ ~ 2 = 246.1, P <0.001). 4) The prevalence of anemia in children with low birth weight, slow growth, weight loss and obesity was higher than that in normal children (P <0.001). Conclusion The status of child anemia in child care institutions in Shenzhen is not optimistic. Children in different situations need to take interventions to further reduce the prevalence of anemia and promote the healthy growth of children.