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风力机覆冰导致叶片的气动性能下降,造成风力机功率损失。为研究风机叶片的覆冰增长规律,该文建立了基于欧拉法及传热传质原理的风力机雨淞覆冰三维模型,并在人工气候室内对模型进行了试验验证。基于数值模型研究了温度对覆冰的影响以及覆冰对风力机空气动力特性的影响。研究表明,旋转风力机覆冰区域主要集中在叶片前缘,沿叶展方向覆冰呈线性增加,在叶尖处覆冰最厚;随着温度的降低,水滴冻结系数增加,叶片前缘积冰加剧,覆冰区域减小;覆冰造成阻力系数升高,升力系数下降,空气动力特性恶化。
Wind turbine ice causes the aerodynamic performance of the blades to drop, resulting in loss of wind turbine power. In order to study the law of icing growth of wind turbine blades, a three-dimensional model of wind-icing ice covering based on Euler method and heat and mass transfer was established and the model was validated in artificial climate chamber. Based on the numerical model, the influence of temperature on icing and the influence of icing on the aerodynamic characteristics of wind turbine were studied. The results show that the icing area of the rotary wind turbine mainly concentrates on the leading edge of the blade and increases linearly along the blade spreading direction and the thickest ice at the tip. As the temperature decreases, the freezing coefficient increases, As the ice intensified, the icing area decreased. The ice drag caused the drag coefficient to increase, the lift coefficient to fall, and the aerodynamic characteristics to deteriorate.