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目的:通过对泰安市大汶河流域育龄妇女居民死亡状况的分析,了解育龄妇女的主要死因及其导致的寿命损失年数。方法:应用死亡专率和潜在减寿年数(PYLL)对大汶河主干流域育龄妇女2002～2004年人口死因进行分析。结果:研究区育龄妇女死亡率为1.09‰,对照区为0.89‰,其标化死亡率两区比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.83,P<0.01)。肿瘤、损伤与中毒、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、传染病是育龄妇女的主要死因。PYLL及PYLL率前6位死因与死亡构成前6位死因一致,但顺位不同。除呼吸系统疾病、传染病和寄生虫病外,其余主要死因研究区与对照区潜在寿命损失年数标化率(SPYLL率)差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:肿瘤、损伤与中毒、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、传染病是导致育龄妇女“早死”的主要死因。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the death of women of child-bearing age in Dawenhe River Basin in Tai’an City and to find out the main causes of death and the number of years of life-loss caused by women of childbearing age. Methods: Mortality rates of women of childbearing age from 2002 to 2004 in Dawenhe River were analyzed using mortality rate and potential years of life lost (PYLL). Results: The mortality rate of the women of childbearing age in the study area was 1.09 ‰, and the control area was 0.89 ‰. The standardized mortality rate was statistically significant (Z = 2.83, P <0.01). Tumors, injuries and poisonings, circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, urological diseases and infectious diseases are the major causes of death in women of childbearing age. The top 6 causes of death from PYLL and PYLL coincided with the top 6 causes of death, but the rankings were different. In addition to respiratory diseases, infectious diseases and parasitic diseases, the difference of the standardization rate of the number of years of potential life lost (SPYLL) between the other major causes of death and the control area was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: Tumor, injury and poisoning, circulatory system diseases, respiratory diseases, urinary system diseases and infectious diseases are the leading causes of “premature death” in women of childbearing age.