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目的了解在非洲长期务工人员境外罹患传染病情况及回国后传染病检出情况,为科学监测提供依据,有效保护外派务工人员健康。方法对2014年到四川国际旅行卫生保健中心体检的长期外派非洲务工人员进行回顾性调查,分析人口学特征、流行病学情况、传染病病原体检出结果,进行统计分析。结果共有192名长期外派务工人员归国后体检,以男性为主,占93.75%;88.54%的人员年龄集中在20~49岁之间;以初中文化者为最多;在26个非洲国家中,外派人数最多的为安哥拉。有80人(41.67%)曾在境外罹患疾病,其中3人曾先后罹患两种疾病。疟疾是感染人数最多的传染病,有75人发病1~5次;登革热、伤寒和丝虫病的患病人数分别为3人、2人和1人;还有2人被不明种类蚊虫叮咬后出现皮肤病变。共有7人在保健中心实验室疟疾快检阳性,其中1人涂片镜检阳性。未检出其他病原体。结论长期外派非洲务工人员是境外罹患传染病的高风险人群,应监测其回国后患病情况。
Objective To understand the situation of the outbreak of infectious diseases outside of long-term migrant workers in Africa and the detection of infectious diseases after they return home, provide the basis for scientific monitoring and effectively protect the health of expatriate workers. Methods A retrospective survey was carried out on the long-term migrant workers from the International Travel Health Care Center of China in 2014 to analyze the demographic characteristics, epidemiology and the detection of infectious pathogens for statistical analysis. Results A total of 192 long-term migrant workers returned from the post-mortem examination, mainly male, accounting for 93.75%; 88.54% of the persons were aged between 20 and 49 years old; junior middle school students were the most; in 26 African countries , The largest number of assignments for Angola. Eighty people (41.67%) had suffered outside the country and three of them suffered from two diseases successively. Malaria is the most contagious infectious disease, with 75 people having the disease 1 to 5 times; the number of dengue fever, typhoid and filariasis patients being 3, 2 and 1 respectively; and 2 people being bitten by unknown species of mosquitoes Skin lesions appear. A total of 7 people were tested positive for malaria in the health center laboratory, of which 1 was smear positive. No other pathogens were detected. Conclusion Long-term assignment of workers in Africa is a high-risk group of people suffering from infectious diseases outside the country. They should monitor their illness after they return home.