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一、引言实验考古学由来已久,在“新考古学”兴起之后成为考古学的一个重要分支。在实验考古学发展初期,模拟实验主要被应用在三个方面:①剥片与制作实验;②使用实验;③埋藏与器物生命史实验。主要通过预制石核、剥离石片和加工石器、骨器及装饰品等过程的模拟复原,来推论史前人类的技术水平、工艺特点、特定工具的制作原理与方式和对原料开发与利用的能力与程度等。从20世纪八九十年代开始,国外学者立足于民族学材料,开始着手对旧石器时代遗址内出土的装饰品进行模拟复原,从最大限度上模拟原始的环境与条件,通过模拟原始工匠的选料、加工、使用、废弃等阶段,以
I. INTRODUCTION The experimental archeology has a long history and became an important branch of archeology after the rise of “New Archeology”. In the early development of experimental archeology, simulation experiments are mainly applied in three aspects: ① stripping and making experiments; ② using experiments; ③ burial and artifact life history experiment. It mainly deduces the technical level of prehistoric humans, the characteristics of the craft, the production principle and method of specific tools, and the ability to exploit and utilize the raw materials, mainly through the process of simulated restoration of pre-manufactured stone core, pealed stone tablet and processing stone, bone and ornament And so on. Beginning from the 1980s and 1990s, foreign scholars started to rebuild ornaments excavated from Paleolithic sites based on ethnological materials, simulating the original environment and conditions to a maximum extent, and simulating the selection of original craftsmen Materials, processing, use, waste and other stages