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随着动物权利问题日益得到关注,越来越多的哲学家尝试从不同角度出发为论证动物拥有权利提供依据。但当代对动物权利的辩护往往与传统思想中理性的崇高性存在着冲突。本文通过对柏拉图文本中关于理性灵魂及动物的相关内容的分析意图指出,这种冲突并不是必然的,人们可以在柏拉图宇宙论思想的基础之上构建一个尊崇理性的动物权利理论。在此基础上,通过对比汤姆·雷根的动物权利思想,本文还将指出,这个在柏拉图思想之下构建起来的动物权利思想还包含着对固有价值和内在价值的区分。
As the issue of animal rights is getting more and more attention, more and more philosophers try to provide evidences for arguing that animals have rights from different perspectives. However, the contemporary defense of animal rights often conflicts with the nobleness of reason in traditional thoughts. Through the analysis of Plato’s texts about rational souls and animals, this article attempts to point out that this kind of conflict is not inevitable. One can build a theory of animal rights that respects rationality based on Platonic cosmological thinking. On this basis, by contrasting Tom Reagan’s idea of animal rights, this article will also point out that this thought of animal rights constructed under Plato’s thought also contains the distinction between intrinsic value and intrinsic value.