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目的了解重庆市实现消除碘缺乏病阶段目标后人群碘营养状况,为科学防治碘缺乏病提供科学依据。方法2011年选择重庆市西部地区的永川、璧山县和东部地区的涪陵、万州区作为监测县,以县为单位,按东、西、南、北、中抽取9个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取4个村,每个村抽取10户居民食用盐。随机抽取1所小学,抽取8～10岁儿童90人采集尿样测定。用砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘,直接滴定法监测盐碘。结果共抽取居民户食盐1 440份,碘含量中位数为29.34 mg/kg;不同区县间碘含量比较差异有统计学意义(H=180.52,P<0.01);碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99.72%、96.73%、96.46%。共调查8～10岁儿童360份尿样,尿碘中位数为297.85μg/L;不同区县间尿碘中位数比较差异有统计学意义(H=30.05,P<0.01)。360份尿碘<50μg/L者占1.11%,50～99μg/L者占6.67%,100～199μg/L者占27.78%,200～299μg/L者占31.11%,300μg/L以上者占33.33%。;尿碘构成比比较,区县间有统计学意义(χ2=39.20,P<0.01),性别、年龄间均无统计学意义(χ2性别=1.94,χ2年龄=4.28,P>0.05)。结论重庆市人群碘营养处于适宜量状态,盐碘水平存在下调的空间。
Objective To understand the status of iodine nutrition in population in Chongqing after eliminating iodine deficiency disorders and to provide a scientific basis for scientific prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In 2011, 9 counties (towns) were selected from Yongchuan, Bishan County in the west of Chongqing and Fuling and Wanzhou District in the east as monitoring counties, and counties as the unit, and east, west, south and north. A township (town) extracted four villages, each village draws 10 households salt consumption. A primary school was randomly selected and 90 children from 8 to 10 years old were collected for the determination of urine samples. Urine iodine was determined by arsenic and cerium catalytic spectrophotometry and salt iodine was monitored by direct titration. Results A total of 1 440 pesticides were collected from households, the median iodine content was 29.34 mg / kg. The iodine content in different districts and counties was significantly different (H = 180.52, P <0.01) The pass rate and qualified iodized salt edible rate were 99.72%, 96.73% and 96.46% respectively. A total of 360 urine samples from 8 to 10 years old were collected. The median urinary iodine was 297.85μg / L. The median urinary iodine in different districts and counties was significantly different (H = 30.05, P <0.01). 360 cases with urinary iodine <50μg / L accounted for 1.11%, 50 ~ 99μg / L accounted for 6.67%, 100 ~ 199μg / L accounted for 27.78%, 200 ~ 299μg / L accounted for 31.11%, 300μg / L or more accounted for 33.33 %. (Χ2 = 39.20, P <0.01). There was no significant difference between sex and age (χ2 = 1.94, χ2 = age = 4.28, P> 0.05). Conclusion The iodine nutrition of Chongqing population is in a suitable state, and there is room for downward adjustment of salt and iodine levels.