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调查与分析煤矸石制砖企业职业安全与健康风险与控制现状,为预防与控制职业安全健康风险提供依据。采用填表、现场监测与核查等方法,对13家煤矸石制砖企业的基本情况、危险和有害因素、防护措施等情况进行了调查、分析与评价。工作场所可能存在坍塌、机械伤害、挤压伤害、烧伤/灼烫、触电/电击、车辆伤害/撞击、中毒和窒息和砸伤、粉尘、噪声、高温和有害气体、不良工效学因素等危险、有害因素。防护罩、活动栏杆、地沟盖板、人行过梯、高压保护和隔离栏杆、通风除尘设施、喷淋设施、窑口引风机、烟尘脱硫除尘系统等为该类企业配置的主要防护设施;防尘口罩、防护手套和劳动护肤品为该类企业使用的个体防护装备,所有企业均未为噪声接触人员提供护听器。煤矸石制砖企业存在多种危险、有害因素,企业配有相应防护设施,但其效果欠佳,企业应加强对工作场所噪声危害的预防与控制。
Investigate and analyze the occupational safety and health risk and control status of coal gangue brick enterprises, and provide basis for prevention and control of occupational safety and health risks. The methods of filling in forms, on-site monitoring and verification were used to investigate, analyze and evaluate the basic situation, dangerous and harmful factors, protective measures of 13 coal gangue brick enterprises. Workplace may be at risk of collapse, mechanical injury, crush injury, burn / burn, electric shock / electric shock, vehicle injury / impact, poisoning and suffocation and crushing, dust, noise, high temperature and harmful gases, Harmful factors. Protective cover, activities railing, trench cover, pedestrian ladder, high pressure protection and isolation railing, ventilation and dust removal facilities, sprinkler facilities, kiln mouth fan, soot desulfurization and dust removal system for the configuration of such major protective equipment; dust Respirators, protective gloves and work-related skin care products are personal protective equipment used by this group of companies and none of them provide a hearing aid for noise-exposed workers. Coal gangue brick enterprises exist a variety of dangerous and harmful factors, enterprises with appropriate protective facilities, but its effect is not good, enterprises should strengthen the prevention and control of noise hazards in the workplace.