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装卸作业为較强的体力劳动,据文献記載,該职业容易引起扁平足、下肢靜脉曲张、疝等职业病。我們在天津四个鉄路貨場对1866名装卸工人作了調查,同时对140名交通警察及120名勘測設計人員进行了調查以作为对照。 調查对象全部为男性。装卸工人平均年龄为38岁,平均工龄13.3年。經常負重量为80～100公斤,作业姿势为扛、抬、揹、挾、搬,平均每天工作8小时,有时上夜班,有时上日班,飲食起居很不規則。交通警察的平均年龄为30.7岁,平均工龄为8.1年。勘測設計人員平均年龄为30.4岁,平均工龄为7.8年。
Handling operations for strong manual labor, according to the literature, the occupation easily lead to flat feet, varicose veins, hernia and other occupational diseases. We conducted a survey of 1,866 stevedores in four Kushiro goods stores in Tianjin and conducted a survey against 140 traffic policemen and 120 surveyors and designers. All respondents were male. The average age of loading and unloading workers is 38 years, the average length of service is 13.3 years. Often bear weight of 80 to 100 kg, work posture to carry, lift, back, relying, moving, an average of 8 hours a day, and sometimes on the night shift, and sometimes on the day classes, diet is very irregular. The average age of traffic police officers is 30.7 years with an average length of service of 8.1 years. Survey and design staff average age of 30.4 years, the average length of service was 7.8 years.