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血红蛋白分子病是指由于血红蛋白分子结构的异常或合成速率的变化而引起的遗传病。前者称为异常血红蛋白病,后者称为地中海贫血症。据世界卫生组织(WHO)估计,全世界约有一亿多人携带血红蛋白病的基因,我国南方发病率较高,因此血红蛋白分子病已成为一种比较常见的遗传病。血红蛋白(简称Hb)是人体红细胞的主要蛋白质,每个红细胞约含有两亿八千万个血红蛋白分子。它是一种呼吸载体,能把氧从肺输送到身体各种组织,担负着重要的生理功能。血红蛋白是第一批纯化结晶的蛋白质,又是第一批准确地测量出分子量并弄清其分子结构的蛋白质,加上它取材方便,对它的生物合成和遗传控制以及结构和功能等方面的
Hemoglobin is a genetic disease caused by abnormalities in the molecular structure of hemoglobin or changes in the rate of synthesis. The former is called abnormal hemoglobinopathies, the latter is called thalassemia. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are more than 100 million people worldwide who carry hemoglobin disease genes, and the incidence in southern China is high. Therefore, hemoglobin molecular disease has become a common genetic disease. Hemoglobin (Hb) is the main protein of human red blood cells, each containing about two hundred eighty million hemoglobin molecules. It is a respiratory carrier, can transport oxygen from the lungs to various tissues of the body, plays an important physiological function. Hemoglobin is the first protein to be purified and crystallized. It is also the first protein to accurately measure the molecular weight and clarify its molecular structure. In addition, it is easy to obtain its material, its biosynthesis and genetic control, as well as its structure and function