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目的:调查分析影响医务人员与患者之间沟通的影响因素,为改善医患沟通现状和发展和谐医患关系提供参考。方法:自行设计调查问卷,采用单纯随机抽样调查方法对南充市城区主要医院进行问卷调查,调查对象为医务人员及患者,内容主要包括医疗费用、舆论报道、医疗体制、期望水平、医生水平、患者素质等等对医患沟通的影响。调查结果采用SPSS19.0进行单因素分析。结果:对医患沟通主要的影响因素包括医疗费用太贵、负面舆论引导、医疗体制问题和患者期望水平过高,这些因素在影响医患沟通方面所占比例超过35.00%。此外,医生和患者的对比分析结果显示负面舆论引导、医疗体制问题、患者期望过高以及法律制度不全在二者的观点中差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。另外,患者素质问题对医患沟通的影响二者认知差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。医疗费用过高是医患沟通影响的主要影响因素,且医生和患者之间的认知不存在统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:医疗费用问题是影响医患沟通之间存在的最大影响障碍,同时也涉及医疗体制、法律制度等诸多问题,应加强宣传教育及积极探讨医患沟通新模式以进一步提高医患的互信度。
Objective: To investigate and analyze the influencing factors of communication between medical personnel and patients, and to provide reference for improving the current situation of doctor-patient communication and developing the harmonious relationship between doctors and patients. Methods: A questionnaire was designed by ourselves. A questionnaire survey was conducted on major hospitals in urban area of Nanchong City using simple random sampling method. The subjects were medical staffs and patients. The main contents included medical expenses, media coverage, medical system, expectation level, physician level, Quality and so on the impact of doctor-patient communication. Survey results using SPSS19.0 univariate analysis. Results: The main influencing factors for doctor-patient communication include too much medical cost, negative opinion guidance, medical system problems and high expectations of patients. These factors account for more than 35.00% of the communication between doctor and patient. In addition, the results of comparative analysis between doctors and patients showed that there was a statistically significant difference (P <0.01) between negative opinion guidance, medical system problems, patients’ over-expectations and incomplete legal system. In addition, there was a significant difference in the cognitive differences between patient quality problems and doctor-patient communication (P <0.05). The high cost of medical care is the main influence factor of doctor-patient communication, and there is no statistical significance between doctor and patient (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The issue of medical expenses is the biggest obstacle to the communication between doctors and patients. It also involves many issues such as the medical system and legal system. Publicity and education should be strengthened and a new model of doctor-patient communication should be explored to further enhance the mutual trust between doctors and patients .