【摘 要】
：
氢气具有无毒、能量密度高以及燃烧过程零污染等优点,被誉为是未来代替化石能源的优质新型能源载体.探索高效的、可持续的制氢技术对氢气能源发展至关重要.其中,光电化学水分解电池以太阳能作为驱动力将水分解成氢气和氧气,是解决能源和环境危机的理想途径之一.α-Fe2O3是一种窄带隙(～2.1 eV)半导体,可以吸收约40％的太阳光,同时具有天然丰度高、成本低等优点,是目前备受关注的光阳极材料.然而,由于α-Fe2O3空穴扩散距离短和表面产氧动力学慢等缺点,导致α-Fe2O3的光电分解水效率仍然较低.针对上述问题,目
【机 构】
：
河南大学化学化工学院, 河南省环境污染控制材料国际联合实验室, 河南省镁合金腐蚀防护工程技术研究中心,河南开封475004
论文部分内容阅读
氢气具有无毒、能量密度高以及燃烧过程零污染等优点,被誉为是未来代替化石能源的优质新型能源载体.探索高效的、可持续的制氢技术对氢气能源发展至关重要.其中,光电化学水分解电池以太阳能作为驱动力将水分解成氢气和氧气,是解决能源和环境危机的理想途径之一.α-Fe2O3是一种窄带隙(～2.1 eV)半导体,可以吸收约40％的太阳光,同时具有天然丰度高、成本低等优点,是目前备受关注的光阳极材料.然而,由于α-Fe2O3空穴扩散距离短和表面产氧动力学慢等缺点,导致α-Fe2O3的光电分解水效率仍然较低.针对上述问题,目前主要通过掺杂、构建异质结和负载助催化剂等手段来改善其性能.其中,负载助催化剂可以有效降低水氧化活化能和促进表面电荷分离,是改善光阳极性能的有效手段.本文采用离子吸附和螯合剂调控水解两步法,将Ni(OH)2量子点(Ni(OH)2 QDs)原位生长于α-Fe2O3表面,成功构建了Ni(OH)2 QDs/α-Fe2O3复合光阳极.透射电子显微镜结果表明,Ni(OH)2以直径为3–5 nm的量子点附着于α-Fe2O3纳米棒表面,并形成独特且牢固的异质结结构.光电水氧化性能表明,所制备的Ni(OH)2 QDs/α-Fe2O3光电阳极表现出良好的光电性能,其光电流达到了1.93 mA·cm?2(1.23 V vs.RHE),是单纯α-Fe2O3的3.5倍,且Ni(OH)2 QDs助催化剂使α-Fe2O3的起始电位降低了～100 mV.2 h稳定性测试结果表明,Ni(OH)2 QDs助催化剂在提升α-Fe2O3光电水氧化性能的同时,自身能够保持良好的稳定性,这在Ni(OH)2作为光电水氧化助催化剂的研究中较为少见.通过电化学活性面积、开路电压、电化学阻抗谱、注入效率和强度调制光电流谱等表征了Ni(OH)2 QDs对α-Fe2O3光阳极和电解液界面电荷传输的影响.结果表明,Ni(OH)2 QDs不仅能充分暴露水氧化活性位点,促进载流子在界面快速迁移,而且能有效钝化α-Fe2O3表面态,从而降低光生电子-空穴表面复合几率.本文可为多功能和高效量子点助催化剂/半导体光阳极的构建及在光电分解水制氢方面的应用提供一定借鉴.“,”Depositing a cocatalyst has proven to be an important strategy for improving the photoelectro-chemical (PEC) water-splitting efficiency of photoanodes. In this study, Ni(OH)2 quantum dots (Ni(OH)2 QDs) were deposited in situ onto anα-Fe2O3 photoanode via a chelation-mediated hydrol-ysis method. The photocurrent density of the Ni(OH)2 QDs/α-Fe2O3 photoanode reached 1.93 mA?cm?2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE, which is 3.5 times that ofα-Fe2O3, and an onset potential with a negative shift of ca. 100 mV was achieved. More importantly, the Ni(OH)2 QDs exhibited excellent stability in maintaining PEC water oxidation at a high current density, which is attributed to the ultra-small crystalline size, allowing for the rapid acceptance of holes fromα-Fe2O3 to Ni(OH)2 QDs, formation of active sites for water oxidation, and hole transfer from the active sites to water molecules. Fur-ther (photo)electrochemical analysis suggests that Ni(OH)2 QDs not only provide maximal active sites for water oxidation but also suppress charge recombination by passivating the surface states ofα-Fe2O3, thereby significantly enhancing the water oxidation kinetics over theα-Fe2O3 surface.
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