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一引言在物理教学中或工程技术中,我们常用图解法来分析某些物理现象或物质运动规律,这样常可使所分析的问题变得简单而形象化,因而免去许多繁复的运算,若将图解法与某些方程解法或公式运算加以对照分析,则更能帮助我们进一步了解物质现象变化过程的本质.在力学、热学等有关问题中已不乏用图解法研究物质运动,研究热平衡过程等的例子.譬如在运动学中,利用速度图线来推求物体运动的路程就是一个广泛应用的方法.在几何光学中,分析球面镜、透镜成象时,除应用成象公式1/u+1/v=1/f外,我们也可以应用图解法来推求球面镜或透镜的主焦距,决定物体成象的位置,以及分析物体成象的规律.下面介绍一种成象的座标图解析法,它既适用于球面镜,也适用于透镜.
I. INTRODUCTION In physics teaching or engineering technology, we often use graphic methods to analyze certain physical phenomena or motion laws of matter. This can often make the problems analyzed simple and visualized, thus eliminating many complicated operations. Comparing the graphical method with some equation solutions or formula calculations can help us to further understand the nature of the process of material phenomena change. There are no shortage of graphical methods to study the movement of matter, study the heat balance process, etc. in mechanical, thermal and other related issues. For example, in kinematics, the use of velocity plots to derive the distance of object motion is a widely used method. In geometric optics, when analyzing spherical and lens imaging, in addition to the application of imaging formulae 1/u+1/ v=1/f, we can also use the graphic method to derive the main focal length of the spherical mirror or lens, determine the position of the object image, and analyze the law of the object image. The following describes an image graph analysis method. It is suitable for both spherical and lens applications.