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采用田间自然发病、定点标记不同褐斑病病级植株的方法,形成玉米褐斑病不同发病程度的21个小组,利用DPS统计分析软件,采用逐步回归法构建了玉米单穗质量和百粒重的损失估计模型.结果表明:玉米百粒重损失模型为Y=-4.012+0.377X1-0.228X2+0.694X3-0.144X4,穗粒质量损失模型为Y=-4.536+0.173X1+0.188X2+0.248X3-0.034X4(Y为损失率,X1为开花期病情指数,X2为授粉期病情指数,X3为灌浆期病情指数,X4为蜡熟期病情指数).玉米不同生育期的褐斑病病情指数与单穗质量和百粒重损失之间的实测关系与模型模拟结果相符;褐斑病直接影响玉米穗位叶的净光合速率、RuBP羧化酶和PEP羧化酶活性,病级越高,净光合速率及两种酶的活性越低.
A total of 21 groups with different incidence of maize leaf spot were formed by field natural selection and point-labeling of different brown spot disease-grade plants. DPS statistical analysis software was used to establish the quality of a single ear of corn and 100-grain weight The results showed that the model of corn weight loss was Y = -4.012 + 0.377X1-0.228X2 + 0.694X3-0.144X4, the model of grain weight loss was Y = -4.536 + 0.173X1 + 0.188X2 + 0.248 X3-0.034X4 (Y is the loss rate, X1 is the flowering disease index, X2 is the pollination disease index, X3 is the grain filling stage disease index, X4 is the wax ripening disease index.) Corn disease in different growth stages of brown spot disease index The results showed that the correlation between leaf weight and single grain weight and the loss of 100-grain weight was in good agreement with the model. The leaf spot directly affected leaf net photosynthetic rate, RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase activity, Net photosynthetic rate and the lower the activity of the two enzymes.