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人类在与植物的真菌和细菌病害斗争的历史过程中，积累了不少的经验，其中最有效的方法仍是抗病育种。但由于抗病基因往往与表达劣质农艺性状的基因连锁，要培养一个优良的抗病性品种用常规的方法需要很长的时间。随着70年代基因工程技术日益成熟，科学家能有的放矢地将目的基因转入需要改造的生物。建立在分子生物技术基础上的基因工程方法为抗病育种开辟了一个崭新的途径，吸引了大批科学家投入这一领域的研究。科学家可以将与抗病基因有关的外源目的基因导入植物，从而提高植物的抗病性。近年来，在植物抗真菌和细菌病害的基因工程方面取得了较大的进展。本文叙述了近年来发展起来的一些植物抗真菌和细菌病害基因工程的策略。
Humans have accumulated a wealth of experience in the history of combating the fungal and bacterial diseases of plants. The most effective of these is still resistance breeding. However, since resistance genes are often linked to genes that express poor agronomic traits, it takes a long time to develop a good disease resistant variety using conventional methods. With the increasingly mature genetic engineering technology in the 1970s, scientists can turn their target genes into the organisms that need to be reformed. The genetic engineering method based on molecular biology technology has opened up a new way for disease resistance breeding and attracted a large number of scientists to invest in this field. Scientists can import the gene of exogenous gene related to the disease-resistance gene into the plant so as to improve the plant’s disease resistance. In recent years, great progresses have been made in genetic engineering of plant antifungal and bacterial diseases. This article describes some strategies developed in recent years for genetic engineering of plant fungal and bacterial diseases.