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一、引言与人类产生的悠久历史相比,国家的出现是一种社会政治现象,它只延续了几千年,就像刚刚才发生过一样。然而,现在世界上大多数人都生活在以国家政体为组织结构、以城市为首都、社会阶级明确的政治统治中。历史的发展导致国家、阶级、城市的出现,也促使文字或其他复杂记录系统的产生。但是,几乎在世界各地,交流、信息管理技术方面的突破性发展都晚于国家的诞生。因此,最早的国家是怎样产生的,以及产
I. INTRODUCTION Compared with the long history of mankind, the appearance of the state is a social and political phenomenon that lasted only for thousands of years, just as it had just happened. However, most of the people in the world now live in the political rule of which the state system is the organizational structure, the city is the capital, and the social class is clear. The development of history has led to the emergence of countries, classes and cities, and has also prompted the production of written or other complicated recording systems. However, breakthrough developments in almost all parts of the world, in exchanges and in information management technologies, were later than the birth of the nation. Therefore, how did the earliest countries produce and produce?