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反蛋白石结构是优化的光子晶体(photonic crystals),利用其光带隙效应和三维有序大孔(three-dimensional ordered macropores,3DOM)结构,其应用目前已扩展到光伏太阳能电池、染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cells,DSSCs)、光催化等光(电)化学领域,大大提高了这些过程中的太阳光利用效率。过渡金属氧化物(transition metal oxides,TMOs)是高折射率的半导体材料,在可见光区吸收系数小,很适合用于制备高性能光子晶体。TMOs反蛋白石的制备方法,如:溶胶-凝胶法、金属盐热解法和液相沉积法,电化学沉积法,电泳法,化学气相沉积法(CVD),原子层沉积法(ALD)等,各有其独特的优点也有其本身固有的缺陷。本文对TMOs反蛋白石材料,从制备、性能及其在DSSCs、光催化等过程中应用的角度,对其研究进展进行综述。
The inverse opal structure is an optimized photonic crystal that, with its optical bandgap effect and three-dimensional ordered macropores (3DOM) structure, has now been extended to photovoltaic solar cells, dye-sensitized solar Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), photocatalysis and other electro-optical chemistry have greatly increased the efficiency of sunlight utilization in these processes. Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are high refractive index semiconductors with low absorption coefficients in the visible region and are well suited for the preparation of high performance photonic crystals. TMOs anti-opal preparation methods, such as: sol-gel method, metal salt pyrolysis and liquid deposition, electrochemical deposition, electrophoresis, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD) , Each has its own unique advantages but also has its own inherent shortcomings. In this paper, the research progress of TMOs inverse opal materials from the aspects of preparation, properties and applications in DSSCs and photocatalysis are summarized.