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六倍体普通小麦 (TriticumaestivumL .)是由四倍体小麦 (T .turgidumL .)与二倍体节节麦 (AegilopstanschiiCoss.)天然杂交然后通过染色体自然加倍形成的异源多倍体。这一起源过程是自然条件下天然发生的 ,它的发生需要具备一个条件 :四倍体小麦与节节麦的天然杂交种子在自然条件 (没有幼胚培养等 )下能够正常发芽出苗。我们从 2 2份节节麦中发现来自中东的节节麦AS6 0在不采用幼胚培养等人工辅助条件下 ,仍然很容易与四倍体小麦和普通小麦产生有生活力的杂种植株。AS6 0与四倍体小麦的杂交种子有 5 0 .0 % (反交 )及 5 7.1 % (正交 )的种子 ,而AS6 0与六倍体普通小麦的杂交种子则有 4 5 .5 %不需幼胚培养等措施能够正常发芽、生长。AS6 0的这一特征正是普通小麦起源过程需要的条件。最后探讨了这一发现对小麦遗传改良和对普通小麦起源演化研究的意义
Triticum aestivum L. is a heterologous polyploid naturally hybridized by T. turgidum L. and Aegilopstanschii Coss. And then naturally doubled by chromosomes. The origin of this process occurs naturally under natural conditions, its occurrence requires a condition: the natural hybrid seeds of tetraploid wheat and nodular can germinate normally under natural conditions (without immature embryo culture, etc.). We found from the 22 sections of wheat in the Middle East Arthropod AS6 0 without the use of embryo culture and other artificial conditions, it is still very easy and tetraploid wheat and wheat produce viable hybrid plants. The hybrid seeds of AS60 and tetraploid wheat had 50.0% (opposite cross) and 51.1% (orthogonal) seeds, while the hybrid seeds of AS6 0 and hexaploid common wheat had 45.5% Without immature embryo culture and other measures to normal germination and growth. This feature of AS6 0 is exactly what is required for the wheat origination process. Finally, the significance of this finding to the genetic improvement of wheat and its origin and evolution to common wheat