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所谓国家主义,即强调国家在国内具有最高权力以及在国际上居于中心地位。法国漫长的历史长河孕育了其国家主义文化传统,它萌芽于封建君主专制时期,初步形成于法国大革命时期。拿破仑当政时期则将国家主义思想渗透于国家制度中。第二次世界大战进而强化了法国人的国家主义意识。当代法国的国家主义受到个人主义和新自由主义的挑战,但法国的政治发展不可能完全扬弃自身的历史文化根基,只能在改革和传承其原有历史文化传统的基础上前行。
The so-called nationalism emphasizes that the state has the supreme power in the country and occupies a central place in the world. The long history of France gave birth to its nationalist cultural tradition. It sprouted during the autocratic feudal monarchy and was initially formed during the French Revolution. During Napoleon’s reign, nationalism permeated the state system. The Second World War further reinforced the French’s sense of nationalism. Contemporary French nationalism is challenged by individualism and neo-liberalism. However, the French political development can not completely abandon its own historical and cultural foundation and can only proceed on the basis of reforming and inheriting its original historical and cultural traditions.