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目的 探讨不同强度有氧耐力运动对饮食性高脂血症老年大鼠肝肾组织超微结构的影响。方法 建立饮食性高脂血症大鼠模型 ,采用不同强度的长期有氧游泳运动训练动物 ,透射电镜观察大鼠肝肾超微结构变化。结果 运动使肝细胞空泡变性明显减轻 ,线粒体、粗面内质网数目增多 ,粗面内质网结构保持正常 ,胆小管微绒毛清晰 ;肾小球滤过膜增厚减轻 ,内皮细胞孔恢复正常 ,足细胞足突融合消失 ,低运动强度组优于较高运动强度组。结论 低强度游泳运动对预防老年大鼠高脂饮食性肝肾超微结构损伤有更好保护作用 ,其机制可能与运动调节血脂、提高胰岛素敏感性、增强抗氧化能力有关
Objective To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on ultrastructures of liver and kidney in aged rats with diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Methods The rat model of diet-induced hyperlipidemia was established. The animals were trained by long-term aerobic swimming exercise with different intensities. The ultrastructural changes of liver and kidney were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results Exercise degeneration caused obvious degeneration of hepatocytes, increased number of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, the structure of rough endoplasmic reticulum remained normal, clear villi of villous tubules, glomerular filtration membrane thickening, endothelial cell pores Returned to normal, podocyte foot process fusion disappeared, low exercise intensity group than the higher exercise intensity group. Conclusions Low-intensity swimming exercise can prevent the ultrastructural damage of liver and kidney in high-fat diet better in old rats. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of blood lipids, insulin sensitivity and antioxidation