论文部分内容阅读
目的研究开封市近5年手足口病(hand foot mouth disease,HFMD)流行病学特点及病原学。方法在《国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统》中选取开封市2012-2016年的HFMD病例报告19 365例,对所有数据进行整理,分析HFMD的人群、时间分布特点,并分析其病原学特点。结果在选取的19 365例HFMD患者中,在年龄方面,0~4岁患者17 041例(88.00%),比例最高;在时间方面,2012-2016年的患病人数分别为2 093例(10.81%)、3 146例(16.25%)、5 951例(30.73%)、4 143例(21.39%)、4 032例(20.82%),无明显特征,但2012-2016年的4-7月的病例数占全年病例数的比例分别为58.10%(1 216/2 093)、56.99%(1 793/3 146)、67.84%(4 037/5 951)、57.81%(2 395/4 143)、59.95%(2 417/4 032),平均为60.14%,呈现出明显的季节分布特点。病原学检测结果显示,优势病原体为Cox A16、EV71,且EV71可引发HFMD的重症或死亡。结论开封市近5年手足口病在1~4岁人群中发病率最高,每年的4-7月为疾病高发期,EV71感染会造成患者的重症或死亡。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and etiology of hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) in Kaifeng in the recent 5 years. Methods A total of 19 365 cases of HFMD cases from 2012 to 2016 in Kaifeng City were selected from the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. All the data were collected and analyzed. The population and time distribution characteristics of HFMD were analyzed and their etiological characteristics were analyzed. Results Among the 19 365 HFMD patients selected, 17 041 (88.00%) patients aged 0-4 years had the highest proportion of patients with HFMD. In terms of time, the number of patients with HFMD in 2012-2016 was 2 093 (10.81) There were no obvious characteristics in 3 146 cases (16.25%), 5 951 cases (30.73%), 4 143 cases (21.39%) and 4 032 cases (20.82% The number of cases accounted for 58.10% (1 216/2 093), 56.99% (1 793/3 146), 67.84% (4 037/5 951) and 57.81% (2 395/4 143) respectively, , 59.95% (2 417/4 032) with an average of 60.14%, showing obvious seasonal distribution. The etiological test results showed that the predominant pathogens were Cox A16, EV71, and EV71 could lead to severe HFMD or death. Conclusion The incidence rate of HFMD in the population aged 1 to 4 years is the highest in Kaifeng city in the recent 5 years. Each year from April to July is the most frequent disease. EV71 infection can cause serious or death in patients.