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脑脊液(CSF)标本显示细胞增多者通常需要作细菌培养。在疑似无菌性(淋巴细胞性、病毒性)脑膜炎的病例中,除了希望在恢复期确诊外,病毒培养对患者或医生的裨益往往不大清楚。CSF 中某些引起急性神经系统疾病的病毒,如Ⅰ型单纯疱疹病毒和脊髓灰质炎病毒很少生长,咽喉和直肠拭子培养结合血清学试验具有更重要的诊断意义。流行性腮腺炎病毒和某些埃可病毒和柯萨奇病毒较易生长,可在2～3天内获得阳性培养,有助于确定治疗方案。经过部分治疗的脑膜炎使无菌性脑膜炎的诊断困难。住院后往往继续化疗,对这些病例,病毒培养阳性可确定诊断,从而终止不必要的抗生素治疗。
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens show increased cells usually require bacterial culture. In cases of suspected aseptic (lymphocytic, viral) meningitis, in addition to the hope of being diagnosed during the recovery phase, the benefit of the virus culture to the patient or physician is often poorly understood. Some of the CSF-causing viruses that cause acute neurological diseases, such as herpes simplex virus type 1 and poliovirus rarely grow, and throat and rectal swab cultures combined with serological tests have more important diagnostic implications. Mumps and some Echovirus and Coxsackie virus are more likely to grow, and positive cultures can be obtained within 2 to 3 days to help define the treatment regimen. A partially treated meningitis makes the diagnosis of aseptic meningitis difficult. Chemotherapy is often continued after hospitalization, and in these cases, a positive culture of the virus can confirm the diagnosis, thereby terminating unnecessary antibiotic treatment.