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目的探讨产前超声诊断胎儿颅脑畸形的临床价值。方法对2008年1月~2013年12月来我院就诊的13-38周的孕妇进行产科常规检查,经产后随访或引产证实的107例胎儿颅脑畸形患者的声像图特点展开回顾性分析。结果 107例胎儿颅脑畸形分为10种类型:脑积水34例、无脑儿21例、露脑畸形8例、脑膨出11例、全前脑畸形10例、胼胝体发育不良9例、Dandy-Walker综合征8例、小头畸形2例、颅内肿瘤1例、无脑沟脑回畸形1例;漏诊2例,其中1例为脑膜膨出,1例为叶状全前脑畸形;1例未能明确诊断。超声诊断确诊率为94.4%。107例颅脑畸形中单纯颅脑畸形79例,合并其它部位畸形28例,合并羊水过多21例。结论超声是胎儿颅脑畸形产前诊断的主要手段,熟悉颅脑结构并掌握颅脑畸形的声像图特征能够对胎儿颅脑畸形做出早期诊断,为临床处置提供决策信息,对优生优育防止畸形胎儿娩出具有重要的临床价值。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of prenatal ultrasound in the diagnosis of fetal brain deformity. Methods From January 2008 to December 2013, 13 to 38 weeks pregnant women who came to our hospital for routine gynecological examinations were retrospectively analyzed in 107 cases of fetal brain malformations confirmed by postpartum follow-up or induction of labor. . Results 107 cases of fetal craniocerebral malformations were divided into 10 types: hydrocephalus in 34 cases, no brain in 21 cases, deformity in 8 cases, encephalocele in 11 cases, 10 cases of anterior cerebral deformity, corpus callosum dysplasia in 9 cases, There were 8 cases of Dandy-Walker syndrome, 2 cases of microcephaly, 1 case of intracranial tumor, 1 case of absence of sulci and gyrus, 2 cases of missed diagnosis, 1 case of meningoencephalocele and 1 case of leaf-like anterior cerebral anterior deformity One case failed to confirm the diagnosis. The diagnostic rate of ultrasound diagnosis was 94.4%. Among 107 cases of craniocerebral malformations, 79 cases were simple craniocerebral malformations, 28 cases were associated with other parts malformations and 21 cases had polyhydramnios. Conclusion Ultrasound is the main means of prenatal diagnosis of fetal craniocerebral malformations. Familiar with craniocerebral structure and mastering the features of craniocerebral malformations can make early diagnosis of fetal craniocerebral malformations, provide decision-making information for clinical treatment, prevent prenatal and postnatal care Abnormal fetus has important clinical value.