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目的建立一种简单有效、便于重复操作的大鼠挤压伤-挤压综合征(crush syndrome,CS)实验模型,为进一步研究CS奠定基础。方法 2月龄健康雌性SD大鼠42只,体重160～180 g,随机分为实验组(n=36)和对照组(n=6)。实验组采用自制挤压伤模具挤压大鼠双下肢,制备挤压伤-CS模型;挤压后观察大鼠存活情况,分别于挤压2、4、8、12、24、48 h观察大鼠下肢改变及血尿情况,心脏采血行血生化检测;取挤压部位肌肉、肾脏、心脏行组织学观察。对照组不作处理,同上法采血及取相同部位组织进行检测比较。结果挤压期间实验组共7只大鼠死亡,15只出现血尿。挤压后存活大鼠双下肢肿胀,肌肉组织水肿。肝功能检测示,实验组各时间点谷丙转氨酶与谷草转氨酶均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。肾功能检测示,实验组挤压2 h后血尿素氮均显著增高,其中12、24、48 h与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组挤压4、8、12、24 h肌酐高于对照组,其中8、12、24 h与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组各时间点血清钾均高于对照组,除挤压2 h外其余各时间点与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心肌损伤检测示,实验组挤压后肌酸激酶呈上升趋势,其中4、8、12、24 h与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组织学观察示,与对照组相比,实验组各时间点肌肉有明显水肿、坏死表现;肾脏出现肾小球充血肿胀,肾小管上皮细胞变性、水肿、坏死、肌红蛋白管型等;心肌结构无明显变化。结论采用自制挤压伤模具制备SD大鼠挤压伤-CS模型,操作简便,各项检测结果稳定,符合挤压伤标准,是建立挤压伤-CS动物实验模型的一种有效方法。
Objective To establish a rat model of crush syndrome (CS) that is simple, effective and repeatable, and lay a foundation for the further study of CS. Methods Forty-two healthy female Sprague Dawley rats weighing 160-180 g were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 36) and control group (n = 6). In the experimental group, crush injury-CS model was prepared by squeezing the lower extremities of rats with self-made crush injury model. Survival of rats was observed after crush, and were observed at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, Rat lower extremity changes and hematuria, blood biochemistry blood biochemical detection; take the squeeze parts of the muscle, kidney, heart line histological observation. Control group without treatment, the same method of blood sampling and take the same parts of the organization for testing comparison. Results During the crushing period, a total of 7 rats died and 15 hematuria occurred. Survival after squeezing both lower extremities swelling, muscle tissue edema. Liver function tests showed that alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group at each time point (P <0.05). Renal function tests showed that blood urea nitrogen in experimental group increased significantly after extrusion for 2 h, of which the difference was statistically significant at 12, 24 and 48 h (P <0.05) , Creatinine 24 h higher than the control group, of which 8,12,24 h compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), the experimental group at each time point serum potassium were higher than the control group, except for extrusion 2 h The rest of the time points compared with the control group were statistically significant (P <0.05). Myocardial injury test showed that creatine kinase in the experimental group was increased after extrusion, of which the difference was statistically significant at 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours (P <0.05). Histological observation showed that compared with the control group, the experimental group showed obvious edema and necrosis of the muscle at various time points; the renal glomerular hyperemia and swelling, tubular epithelial cell degeneration, edema, necrosis, myoglobin tube; myocardial No significant change in structure. Conclusions The crush injury-CS model of SD rat is prepared by self-made crush injury model, which is simple and easy to operate. The results are stable and comply with crush injury criteria. It is an effective method to establish crush injury-CS animal model.